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Marie Lachapelle
Marie-Louise Lachapelle (1 January 1769 – 4 October 1821) was a French midwife, head of obstetrics at the Hôtel Dieu, the oldest hospital in Paris. She published textbooks about women’s bodies, gynecology and obstetrics. She argued against forceps deliveries and wrote ''Pratique des accouchements'', long a standard obstetric text, which promoted natural deliveries. Lachapelle is generally regarded as the mother of modern obstetrics.
==Life==
Lachapelle was born in Paris to Marie Jonet, a competent midwife, and Louis Dugès, a health official, on 1 January 1769. She was the granddaughter and daughter of midwives.〔 She was the only child and her mother taught her midwifery, which she had learned from her mother, and she quickly became skilled. When she was 15,〔Mahul says 11 and a half.〕 she performed her first delivery, in which there were complications, though both mother and baby survived thanks to Lachapelle's ministrations. Eight years later, in 1792, she married a surgeon who worked at the Hôpital Saint-Louis.〔Mahul, A., (''Annuaire nécrologique ou complément annuel et continuation de toutes les biographies ou dictionnaires historiques'', , Paris, Ponthieu, 1822, )〕 Between 1792 and 1795, she gave birth to a daughter, and stopped working. After her husband's death three years after their marriage, she has to support herself and her daughter, so she worked again as a midwife. Her daughter then broke away form family tradition and became a nun. Lachapelle died of stomach cancer on 4 October 1821 after a short illness.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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